Vibrations in engineering and technology

Tokarchuk Oleksii – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of head of the department of engineering mechanics and technological processes in the agricultural industry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnyshchaya St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: tokarchyk08@ukr.net, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-1743).

Tokarchuk Dina – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of the Administrative Management and Alternative Energy Resources, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnyshchaya St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, е-mail: tokarchyk_dina@ukr.net, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-4452). 

Zamrii Mykhailo – recipient of the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the specialty 133 Industrial mechanical engineering, assistant of the Department of Labor Protection and Biotechnical Systems in Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Production Technology, Processing and Robotics in Animal Husbandry of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Office address: Vinnytsia, str. Sonyachna 3, VNAU 21008, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-6714).

Disposal of organic waste from animal husbandry, in particular from poultry, in the conditions of Vinnytsia region, which has favorable conditions for agriculture and processing industry, remains an urgent problem. Traditional processing technologies do not provide effective disinfection and deodorization of waste, which limits the possibilities of their use as fertilizers. The implementation of energy-saving waste disposal and decontamination systems allows to increase significantly the economic efficiency of agro-industrial enterprises and reduce environmental risks. 

Special attention is paid to the bioconversion of organic substances by means of anaerobic fermentation, which makes it possible to obtain biogas with high economic efficiency. Methane fermentation is characterized by a diverse species composition of microflora, which contributes to the adaptation of the process to changes in raw materials. At the same time, in the conditions of Ukraine, it is necessary to use high-tech approaches to optimize biogas plants, taking into account climatic and economic features. The work analyzes the methods of increasing the efficiency of BSU work. In particular, it is proposed to improve the systems of thermostabilization, mixing of the substrate, and utilization of the heat of the fermented material. The main technological aspects of mixing the substrate, which is a critical factor in the stable operation of the reactor, are considered. 

Effective mixing ensures: Prevention of the formation of crust and sediment, which reduce the volume of the reactor core. Uniform distribution of temperature and bacterial population in the reactor. Intensification of biogas release from the layer of the substrate. 

On the basis of the conducted research, it was concluded that regular stirring every 4-6 hours allows to increase the yield of biogas by 50%, while excessively frequent stirring can negatively affect fermentation. It is recommended to adapt the frequency of stirring and the choice of the type of stirrer to the specific operating conditions of the reactor. The obtained results can be used for the design and modernization of biogas plants, which will contribute to increasing the energy efficiency of agro-industrial enterprises and the development of alternative energy.

1. Tokarchuk D. M., Pryshliak N. V., Tokarchuk O. A., Mazur K. V. (2020). Technical and Economic Aspects of Biogas Production at A Small Agricultural Enterprise With Modeling Of The Optimal Distribution Of Energy Resources For Profits Maximization. INMATEH – Agricultural Engineering. № 61 (2). Р. 339–349.   https://doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-61-36 [in English].

2. Kupchuk I., Burlaka S., Galushchak A., Yemchyk T., Galushchak D., Prysiazhniuk Y. (2022). Research of autonomous generator indicators with the dynamically changing component of a two-fuel mixture. Polityka Energetyczna. Vol. 25, Issue 2. P. 147-162.  https://doi.org/10.33223/epj/150746  [in English].

3. Furman I.V., Ksenchyn D.O. (2024). Upravlinnia vyrobnytstvom biohazu z vidkhodiv pidpryiemstv APK ta domohospodarstv [Management of biogas production from waste of agricultural enterprises and households]. Ekonomika ta suspilstvo. № 59. URL: https://economyandsociety.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/3398/3325   https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0072/2024-59-44 [in Ukrainain].

4. Honcharuk I., Tokarchuk D., Gontaruk Y., Kolomiiets T. (2024). Production and Use of Biogas and Biomethane from Waste for Climate Neutrality and Development of Green Economy. Journal of Ecological Engineering. Vol. 25. Issue 2. P. 20-32. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/175876 [in English].

5. Kaletnik H.M., Honcharuk I.V. (2020). Ekonomichni rozrakhunky potentsialu vyrobnytstva vidnovliuvalnoi bioenerhii u formuvanni enerhetychnoi nezalezhnosti ahropromyslovoho kompleksu [Economic calculations of the potential of renewable bioenergy production in the formation of energy independence of the agro-industrial complex]. Economy of AIC. № 9. P. 6-16. https://doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202009006 

6. EBA Statistical Report 2024. europeanbiogas.eu URL: https://www.europeanbiogas.eu/eba-statistical-report-2024 [in English].

7. Ukrainian Bioenergy Association (2020).  Perspektyvy vyrobnytstva biometanu v APK Ukrainy [Prospects for biomethane production in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine]. uabio.org.  URL: https://uabio.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Dombrovskyi_MHP_29092020.pdf [in Ukrainain].

8. Pryshliak N.V., Tokarchuk D.M., Palamarenko Ya.V. (2020). Rekomendatsii z vyboru optymalnoi syrovyny dlia vyrobnytstva biohazu na osnovi eksperymentalnykh danykh  shchodo enerhetychnoi tsinnosti vidkhodiv [Recommendations for choosing the optimal raw material for biogas production based on experimental data on the energy value of waste]. Investments: practice and experience. № 24. P. 58–66.  10.32702/2306-6814.2020.24.58 [in Ukrainain].

9. Hontaruk Ya.V. (2024). Upravlinnia resursnym zabezpechenniam proektiv z vyrobnytstva biohazu ta dyhestatu [Resource management of biogas and digestate production projects]. Economy and society. № 62. URL: https://economyandsociety.in.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/4055/3985 https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0072/2024-62-173  [in Ukrainain].

10. Paziuk V. M., Tokarchuk O. A.  (2022).  Osnovni kharakterystyky osadiv stichnykh vod [Main characteristics of sewage sludge]. Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC. №1 (116). P. 96–104. DOI: http://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2022-1-11 [in Ukrainain].

11. Lohosha, R., Palamarchuk, V., Krychkovskyi V. (2023). Economic efficiency of using digestate from biogas plants in Ukraine when growing agricultural crops as a way of achieving the goals of the European Green Deal. Polityka Energetyczna. Vol.  26, Issue 2. P. 161–182.  https://doi.org/10.33223/epj/163434  [in English].

12. Omelianov O. M., Tokarchuk O. A. (2022). Obgruntuvannia amplitudno-chastotnykh kharakterystyk ta konstruktyvnykh parametriv separatora z vibratsiinym pryvodom zbudzhennia prostorovykh kolyvan [Substantiation of amplitude-frequency characteristics and design parameters of a separator with a vibration drive for excitation of spatial vibrations]. Vibrations in engineering and technologies. № 1 (104). P. 30–37. https://doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2022-1-4 [in Ukrainain].