Vibrations in engineering and technology

Yaropud Vitaliy - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of machinery and equipment for agricultural production of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (St. Soniachna, 3, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008, e-mail: yaropud77@gmail.com).

Datsiuk Dmytro - postgraduate student of the Department "Machinery and Equipment of Agricultural Production" of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3 Sonyachna Street, Vinnytsia, 21008).

One of the most important stages of growing small-seeded crops in breeding is the sowing of seeds. Sowing should provide the most favorable conditions for seed germination and further plant development, which increases field germination and yield of breeding crops. One of such conditions is the uniformity of seed distribution in a row, which should be for breeding crops - 99.9%. According to the results of the analysis of the constructions of the existing sowing machines, their classification on the basis of the principle of operation of the machines and design features of the sowing mechanisms has been supplemented. As a result of patent information analysis, it was found that electromechanical sowing machines are the most effective during selective sowing of small-seeded crops, as they provide a sufficiently high seeding accuracy and have promising opportunities to change varieties directly during sowing in different areas. The analysis of the work of the sowing system "Maple" allowed to form the main ways of its improvement: it is necessary to improve the working body of the sowing machine to ensure the accuracy of sowing of small-seeded crops at the level of 99.9%; for sowing in areas of pre-seed production it is necessary to provide automatic loading of seeds of different varieties into the sowing machine; needs to improve the sowing system in areas of pre-seed production, taking into account GPS-tracking; the elements of the seeding system must be block for easy replacement in case of failure. To solve the set problems, the constructive-technological scheme of the sowing apparatus of the selection seeder of small-seeded crops is substantiated, which allows to fully automate the sowing process on the plots of pre-seed production almost without the breeder's participation with high seeding accuracy.

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10 Boyko V.B., Aliyev E.B. (2015). Teoretychni doslidzhennya rukhu ridyny v yemnosti hidropnevmatychnoho vysivnoho aparata [Theoretical studies of fluid motion in the tank of hydropneumatic seeding machine]. Environmental engineering. 2015. №2 (4). pp. 78-84. [in Ukrainian].

11 Boyko V.B., Aliyev E.B. (2015). Doslidzhennya protsesu zaryadzhennya nasinyny v nasinnyeprovid hidropnevmatychnoho vysivnoho aparata [Investigation of the process of loading seeds into the seed line of a hydropneumatic sowing machine]. Proceedings of the International Scientific Internet Conference "Prospects and Strategy for Adaptive and Resource-Growing Oilseeds in Climate Change" (October 30, 2015). Zaporozhye: IOC NAAS. 2015. pp. 148-149. [in Ukrainian].

12 Firsov A.S. (2015). Parametry y rezhymy raboty pnevmatycheskoho vysevayushcheho apparata pod melkosemennye kulʹtury [Parameters and operating modes of a pneumatic sowing machine for small-seeded crops]. Diss. ... candidate of technical sciences: 05.20.01. Tver. 2015.135 p. [in Russian].

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14 Leela C., Saravanakumar M. (2019). Development of Electronically Meterized Maize Planter. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(4): 2432-2440. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.804.283 . [in English]

15 Elijah A. Alhassan, Adejoke D. Adewumi, Bernard Okpodjah. (2018). Development of a self-propelled multi-crop two rows precision planter: a new design concept for the metering mechanism. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET). Volume 9. Issue 10. October 2018. pp. 349–358. http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType= 9&IType=10 . [in English]

16 Alexander Lavrov, Igor Smirnov, Maksim Litvinov. (2018). Justification of the construction ofa self-propelled selection seeder with an intelligent seeding system. MATEC Web of Conferences 224. 05011. 2018 https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822405011 . [in English]

17 Zhai Jianbo, Xia Junfang, Zhou Yong, Zhang Shun. (2014). Design and experimental study of the control system for precision seed-metering device. Int J Agric & Biol Eng. 2014. Vol. 7. No.3. P. 13-18.

18 Seyalka «Klen-1.5». Selektsionnaya, portsionnaya [Seeder "Klen-1.5". Selection, portioned]. Manual. The passport. Luhansk. 35 p. [in Russian].

19 Seyalka Klen-2,8. 4 sektsii. Selektsionnaya, portsionnaya [Seeder "Klen-2.8". 4 sections. Selection, portioned]. Manual. The passport. Luhansk. 38 p. [in Russian].