Vibrations in engineering and technology

Yaropud Vitaliy - PhD, associate professor of the Department of agricultural machinery and equipment of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Sonyachna St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: yaropud@vsau.vin.ua).

Borys Volyk - PhD, associate professor of the Department of Tractors and Agricultural Machines of Dnipropetrovsk State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S.Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000).

Modern agricultural production persistently requires solving the problems of increasing crop yields, preserving the effective and potential soil fertility on the basis of resource-saving soil-protective technologies that provide complex mechanization of all technological operations with a significant reduction of energy costs. Of particular relevance is the problem of reducing or completely eliminating the proportion of manual labor when performing the most time-consuming technological operations.

A significant reserve for improving the efficiency of land use, increasing the yield of crops is the reduction of time and a significant improvement in the quality of technological operations of tillage.

Known tools with needle working bodies, intended for early spring, pre-sowing and harvesting small surface loosening of stubble background in areas with soils that are prone to wind erosion, are inefficient, and increasing their speed leads to a sharp decrease in quality.

Crop productivity is the result of the interaction of many factors and conditions, the most important of which are: soil fertility, nature of plants, soil and climatic conditions and mechanized tillage technology. The current level of crop culture requires the search for new resource-saving technologies and machines that fully meet the agrobiological requirements of cultivated plants. In this regard, there is a need to rationalize the use of surface tillage, increase their fertility, as well as protection against erosion.

The results of researches of the designs of machines and technologies of surface tillage showed that on the slope lands the most promising is the reception of tillage with leveling of the surface and creation of a micro-cellular structure of the bottom of the loosened layer with fulfillment of all agrotechnical requirements.

On the basis of the analysis of the body of the hedgehog, the elements of functional identification with the rotary harrow disc needle are substantiated. The possibility of adopting the needle control mechanism structure as a biological analogue of the mechanism of elastic attachment of needles to the disc of the harrow has been proved. The design of a disk and variants of execution of needles is offered.

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