Vibrations in engineering and technology

Babyn Ihor – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of machinery and equipment for agricultural production of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (St. Soniachna, 3, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008, e-mail: ihorbabyn@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7070-4957).

Mazur Oleksandr, Recipient of the Third Educational and Scientific Level of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (St. Soniachna, 3, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008, e-mail: sanya.mazur1996@gmail.com.

Sprinklers play a key role in modern agriculture, providing effective irrigation and contributing to increased yields in conditions of limited water resources. The effectiveness of these systems largely depends on the aerodynamic characteristics of the water jet formed by the nozzles, namely its trajectory, range, uniformity of distribution and resistance to external factors such as wind. The article studies the influence of the design parameters of sprinklers, in particular the diameter and shape of the nozzles, the pressure in the system, the spray angle, as well as the materials and geometry of the components, on the aerodynamic properties of the water jet. Based on the analysis of theoretical models, experimental data and modern computer modeling methods (in particular, hydrodynamic simulations), the mechanisms of jet formation and factors affecting water losses due to evaporation or drift are considered. Special attention is paid to assessing the impact of design solutions on the energy efficiency and environmental sustainability of irrigation systems. The article also highlights modern technological approaches to optimizing nozzle design, including the use of adaptive systems and materials with improved hydrodynamic properties. The results of the study demonstrate how targeted modification of design parameters can reduce water loss, increase irrigation uniformity, and optimize energy consumption. The article offers practical recommendations for developers and users of sprinkler systems, and also identifies promising directions for further research in the field of creating highly efficient irrigation technologies that meet the requirements of sustainable development and adaptation to climate change.

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