Vibrations in engineering and technology

Kaletnіk Grigory Mikolayovich – academician of the NAAS of Ukraine, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Administrative Management and Alternative Energy Sources of Vinnitsa National Agrarian University (Soniachna Str., 3, Vinnitsa, Ukraine, 21008).

Tsurkan Oleh Vasylovych – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Director of Ladyzhyn College of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (Kravchik Petro St., 5, Ladyzhyn, Vinnytsia Region, Ukraine, 24321, e-mail: tsurkan_ov76@ukr.net).

Significant difficulties arise in the process of post-harvest processing of high-moisture seed raw materials, in particular, in the process of drying seed lots of vegetable and melon crops such as squash, zucchini, pumpkin. Natural properties and preparatory technological operations cause the initial moisture content of seeds in the range from 55% to 75%, which is mainly due to unbound free moisture. For storage of sowing batches of seeds humidity should make 10% thus duration of postharvest processing and bringing of seeds to conditional properties should be carried out within days after the beginning of harvesting.

Of all the branches of the agro-industrial complex, melon seed production remains the least mechanized, and its level of mechanization does not meet the requirements of modern production. Due to the lack of special equipment in the laborious processes of growing seeds and its refinement, machines are used that are not designed for this, which leads to large losses of seed material and its quality. The main reason for this situation is the lack of complete information, scientific research and substantiation of techniques, design and operating parameters of machines and their working bodies. Information that generates contradictions is often encountered. This is due to the lack of generalized theoretical and experimental studies of the drying process of high-moisture seed raw materials in the post-harvest period, which negatively affected the development of equipment and technological lines.

In view of the above, the need for technical means for post-harvest treatment should be determined in terms of the need to process the entire crop on farms. All seeds of the harvested crop, which require a long stay in the dryer during the technological process, are subject to drying.

The article presents a new design of a vibrating dryer and describes the features of its operation when removing moisture from seed materials from 55% to 10%.

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2. Tsurkan, O. V., Prysiazhniuk, D. V., Herasymov, A. A. (2016).  Osobennosti proczessa i oborudovaniya dlya sushki zernovogo syrya s ispolzovaniem ozona [Features of the process and equipment for drying grain raw materials using ozone]. MOTROL. Commission of Motorization and Energetics in Agriculture. 18(4). 37–44. [in Russian].

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4. Tsurkan, O. V. (2020). Vibromekhanichna intensyfikatsiia sushinnia nasinnia bashtannykh kultur u protsesi pisliazbyralnoi obrobky [Vibromechanical intensification of drying of melon seeds in the process of post-harvest processing]. (Doctor’s thesis). Hlevakha. [in Ukrainian].

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6. Tsurkan, O. V., Herasymov, O. O. (2007). Osnovni tendentsii rozvytku ta zastosuvannia vibratsiinoho obladnannia dlia sushinnia spetsyfichnoi silskohospodarskoi produktsii [The main trends in the development and use of vibrating equipment for drying specific agricultural products]. Vibratsii v tekhnitsi ta tekhnolohiiakh. 4 (49). 86–91. [in Ukrainian].

7. Kaletnik, H. M., Tsurkan, O. V. (2019). Statychni umovy sypkoho seredovyshcha pry rozviazanni zadach yoho vibroperemishchennia [Static conditions of bulk medium in solving problems of its vibration displacement]. Vibratsii v tekhnitsi ta tekhnolohiiakh. 4(95). 5–15. [in Ukrainian].

8. Tsurkan, O. V., Polievoda, Yu. A., Prysiazhniuk, D. V. (2016). Vibromekhanichna intensyfikatsiia teplomasoobminnykh protsesiv pry sushinni zerna [Vibromechanical intensification of heat and mass transfer processes during grain drying]. Udoskonalennia protsesiv i obladnannia – zaporuka innovatsiinoho rozvytku kharchovoi promyslovosti: pratsi mizhnar. nauk.-tekhn. konf. (Kyiv, 8-10 lyst.). Kyiv,  112–114. [in Ukrainian].

9. Tsurkan, O. V., Herasymov, O. O., Polievoda, Yu. A.  (2015). Uzahalnennia kinetyky 1-ho periodu filtratsiinoho znevodnennia svizhoochyshchenoho nasinnia harbuza z vibratsiino-pnevmatychnoiu aktyvatsiieiu [Generalization of the kinetics of the 1st period of filtration dehydration of freshly cleaned pumpkin seeds with vibration-pneumatic activation]. Naukovi pratsi Natsionalnoho universytetu kharchovykh tekhnolohii. 2(21). 151–159. [in Ukrainian].

10. Tsurkan, О., Gerasimov, A., Polyevoda, Y. (2017). Kinetic features of vibrating and filtration dewatering of fresh-peeled pumpkin seeds. INMATEH. Agricultural Engineering. 52 (2). 69–76. [in English]

11. Kaletnik, G., Tsurkan, O., Rimar, T. (2020). Determination of the kinetics of the process of pumpkin seeds vibrational convective drying. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 1/8(103). 50–57. [in English].